| Subject | Cat-nbr | Class | Term | Mode | Description | Units | Campus |
| BIO | 5095 | 44307 | 2, 2005 | EXT | Epidemiology, Surveillance and Statistical Methods | 1.00 | Toowoomba |
|---|
| Academic group: | FOSCI |
| Academic org: | FOS002 |
| Student contribution band: | 2 |
| ASCED code: | 061311 |
This course provides an understanding of the fundamentals of epidemiology, surveillance procedures and an introduction to statistical analysis. Students will acquire a sound foundation in investigative methods as relevant to outbreaks of infectious diseases.
The course provides an introduction to the fundamental principles of epidemiology. Surveillance techniques and methods for investigating outbreaks of infectious diseases are described. The course provides an introduction to statistical analysis and methods for organising, analysing and presenting epidemiological data. Methods for estimating and comparing means and proportions with some emphasis on the use of the t- and chi-squared procedures is provided.
On successful completion of this course students will be able to:
| Description | Weighting (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Introduction - decision making and the scientific method; essential definitions and basic concepts of epidemiology (person, place & time, human populations and ethics, causation and association); essential definitions and basic concepts of surveillance (outcome and process measures, sentinel events and rate-based measures, the search for variation, triggering action); essential definitions and basic concepts of statistical analyses(research question, population, variables, data, statistics, sampling, statistical inference); common and complementary elements between epidemiology, surveillance and statistical analysis (relationships to the scientific method and to decision making); relevance of epidemiology, surveillance and statistical methods to infection control practitioners. |
10.00 |
| 2. | Surveillance systems - what to measure (reliability and validity, bias, rate-based or sentinel events; the data collection form (computer or paper, clarity of design, coding of responses); the data set (individuals, data records, variables, categorical and quantitative variables, format on the computer); summarising the frequency distribution of a single variable (frequency tables, bar charts, histograms, median and range, mean and standard deviation); summarising the relationship between two variables (two way tables, scatterplot, correlation); data checking and cleaning (range checks, logic checks, outliers). |
18.00 |
| 3. | Outbreaks and trends over time - measurement issues (incidence or prevalence, counts or rates, lurking variables and confounding); graphical summaries (run charts, adding the historical knowledge; sampling variation (population and sampling, distribution of sample statisitcs); some probability rules (8 in a row on one side of the average, other patterns to look out for); some probability distributions (Binomial, Poisson, Normal); control chart (p and np charts, c charts, x-bar and s charts). |
18.00 |
| 4. | Epidemiological investigation - sampling (sampling methods, randomisation and probability, bias); data collection (retrospective, prospective or cross sectional); descriptive studies (definition, main types, applications, advantages and disadvantages); analytic studies (definition, main types, applications, advantages and disadvantages); experiments (definition, main types, applications, advantages and disadvantages); determining relationships (association and causation, confounding and standardisation, rates and ratios, relative risk and odds ratios). |
18.00 |
| 5. | Statistical inference - the role of inference (estimating population parameters from sample statistics); random variation and statistical confidence; models of variation (Normal distribution, t-distribution, binomial distribution, and probability tables for each); confidence intervals (level of confidence, margin of error, components of the margin of error, interpretation); hypothesis tests (null hypothesis, alternate hypothesis, test statistic, degrees of freedom, p-value, interpretation); analyses of means (confidence intervals, sample size calculations and z-test, assumptions and interpretation); analysis of proportions (confidence intervals, sample size calculations and z-test, assumptions and interpretation); analysis of two way tables (Chi-Square test); non-parametric methods. |
18.00 |
| 6. | Critical appraisal of the literature - the structure of a journal paper (introduction, methods and materials, results, discussion and conclusion; what is the research question? what is the study type? what are the outcome variables and how are they measured? what are the explanatory variables and how are they measured? what is the source population and who are the study subjects? what important potential confounding factors are considered? are statistical tests/confidence intervals reported? Do they appear appropriate? did the authors answer the research question? Do their answers apply in your local setting? |
18.00 |
ALL textbooks and materials are available for purchase from USQ BOOKSHOP (unless otherwise stated). Orders may be placed via secure internet, free fax 1800642453, phone 07 46312742 (within Australia), or mail. Overseas students should fax +61 7 46311743, or phone +61 7 46312742. For costs, further details, and internet ordering, use the 'Textbook Search' facility at http://bookshop.usq.edu.au click 'Semester', then enter your 'Course Code' (no spaces).
Reference materials are materials that, if accessed by students, may improve their knowledge and understanding of the material in the course and enrich their learning experience.
Scientific Calculator
Arias, KM 1999, Quick Reference to Outbreak Investigation and Control in Health Care Facilities, Jones and Bartlett, Sudbury.| ACTIVITY | HOURS |
| Directed Study | 70.00 |
| Examinations | 3.00 |
| Private Study | 100.00 |
| Description | Marks out of | Wtg(%) | Due date | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASSIGNMENT 1 | 25.00 | 25.00 | 02 Sep 2005 | ||
| ASSIGNMENT 2 | 25.00 | 25.00 | 14 Oct 2005 | ||
| 3 HR OPEN EXAM | 50.00 | 50.00 | END S2 | (see note 1) | |
| 9. | The due date for an assignment is the date by which a student must despatch the assignment to the USQ. The onus is on the student to provide proof of the despatch date, if requested by the Examiner. Students must retain a copy of each item submitted for assessment. If requested by the Examiner, students will be required to provide a copy of assignments submitted for assessment purposes. Such copies should be despatched to USQ within 24 hours of receipt of a request being made. The examiner of a course may grant an extension of the due date of an assignment in extenuating circumstances. |