62314 MYCOLOGY AND PLANT PATHOLOGY

Year	No.	Offer	Mode	Description			Cred. Pts
99	62314 	S1  	D 	MYCOLOGY & PLANT PATHOLOGY	1.00

Contents


STAFFING:

Examiner: M. SUTHERLAND
Moderator: J. DEARNALEY

PRE-REQUISITE(S)

62212


RATIONALE:

The first half of this unit introduces students to fungi as one of the most important plant pathogens. The second half of the unit deals with the principles of plant pathology, taking examples from fungal and other pathogens. These studies provide a useful facet of learning for applied plant biology students.


SYNOPSIS:

The lectures and practical sessions on classification provide a basis for identification of fungi through further reference to the readily available literature. The plant pathology section includes the concept of a plant disease, basic causes of disease, host defence systems and disease resistance, environmental effects on disease manifestation, and symptomatology and control of plant diseases.


OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

  1. isolate and identify fungi and maintain them in pure cultures;
  2. demonstrate an understanding of the principles of plant
    pathology and the application of these principles in the
    control of plant disease;
  3. demonstrate skills in laboratory, field and glasshouse work
    related to mycology and plant pathology.

TOPICS:

 Description                                                    Weighting(%)
  1. THEORY 8.00 General Morphology of Fungi - cell, mycelium and tissue formation; dikaryon formation; functions of sexual and asexual spores, chlamydospores and sclerotia; nutrient requirements, nutrient absorption and water loss; outline of classification and life cycles

  2. Classification and Occurrence 32.00 - Plasmodiophoromycetes, Chytridiomycetes, and Oomycetes - distinguishing features of the classes, the orders Saprolegniales and Peronosporales, and the families of the Peronosporales; methods of dispersal; dormant spores - Zygomycetes - Mucorales and Entomophthorales; adaptation to substrate, spore dispersal - Ascomycetes - sub-classes and series; dormant structures in the life cycle - Deuteromycetes - distinguishing features of the form orders, and the families of the order Moniliales; the parasexual cycle; importance of the asexual spore in dispersal - Basidiomycetes - sub-classes and series; macrocyclic and microcyclic rust fungi;

  3. Introduction to Plant Pathology 8.00 - what is disease; symptoms; classification of diseases; etiology including summary of different types of causal agents

  4. Development of Disease 12.00 - disease cycle; how pathogens attack plants (mechanical and chemical weapons); effect of pathogen on physiology of host

  5. Disease Resistance 20.00 - the genetics of resistance - structural physiological and biochemical resistance mechanisms

  6. Case Studies of host-pathogen interactions 10.00 - rust diseases of cereal crops - Agrobacterium tumefaciens: crown gall disease and plant transformation

  7. Effect of environment on development of disease 10.00 - consideration of temperature, moisture, wind, light, pH, host nutrition, development of epidemics, weather, and forecasting epidemics


TEXT and MATERIALS to be PURCHASED:

Agrios,G.N. 1997, Plant Pathology, 4th edn, Academic Press

Pechenik, J.A. 1997, A Short Guide to Writing about Biology, 3rd
edn, Harper Collins.


RECOMMENDED REFERENCE MATERIALS:

Alexopoulos, C.J., Mims, C.W. & Blackwell, M. 1996, Introductory
Mycology
, 4th edn, Wiley.

Allen, M.F. (ed), 1992, Mycorrhizal Functioning, Chapman and Hall.

Arora, D.K. & Bharat R., Mukerji, K.G. & Knudsen, G.R. (ed), 1991,
Soil and Plants, Volume 1, Marcel Dekker Inc.

Brown, J.F. & Ogle, H.J. (eds), 1997, Plant Pathogens and Plant
Diseases
, Rockvale Publications, Armidale, Australia.

C.M.I. 1983, Plant Pathologist's Pocketbook, 2nd edn, Commonwealth
Agricultural Bureau.

CSIRO, 1996, Fungi of Australia Series Vol. IA. Introduction -
Classification
, CSIRO.

CSIRO, 1996, Fungi of Australia Series Vol. IB. Introduction - Fungi
in the Environment
, CSIRO.

Daniel, M. & Purkayashta, R.P. (Ed.) 1998, Handbook of Phytoalexin
Metabolism and Action
, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.

Fahy, P.C. & Persley, G.J., ed., 1983, Plant Bacterial Diseases - A
Diagnostic Guide
, Academic Press.

Grierson, D. & Covey, S.N. 1988, Plant Molecular Biology, 2nd edn,
Cambridge University Press.

Kendrick & Bryce, 1992, The Fifth Kingdom, 2nd edn, Mycologic
Publications.

Lucas, John A. 1998, Plant Pathology and Plant Pathogens, 3rd edn.,
Blackwell Science.

Mycologial Research (was TBMS), and other relevant journals in the
library.

Department of Primary Industries 1993, Persley, D. ed, Diseases of
Fruit Crops

Department of Primary Industries 1994, Persley, D., ed, Diseases of
Vegetable Crops

Mills, D., Kunoh, H., Keen, N. & Mayama, S. (eds) 1996, Molecular
Aspects of Pathogenicity and Resistance
, American Phytopathological
Society, St Paul.

Phytopathology

Powell and Bagyaraj, 1984, V.A. Mycorrhiza, CRC Press.

Ream, W. & Gelvin, S.B. (ed) 1996, Crown Gall: Advances in
Understanding Interkingdom Gene Transfer
, American Phytopathological
Society, St Paul.

Safir, G.R. (ed) 1987, Ecophysiology of VA. Mycorrhizal Plants, CRC
Press.

Schenk, N.C. (ed), 1982, Methods and Principles of Mycorrhizal
Research
, American Phytopath Soc.

Shurtleff, M.C. & Averre, C.W. 1997, Glossary of Plant Pathological
Terms
, American Phytopathological Society, St Paul.

Smith, S.E. & Read, D. J. 1997, Myconhizal Symbiosis, Academic
Press.

Varma, A. & Hock, B. (eds) 1995, Mycorrhiza: Structure, Function,
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
, Springer Verlag.

Verma, D.P.S. Ed 1991, Signal Molecules in Plant and Plant-Microbe
Interactions
, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Vidhyasekaran, P. 1998, Fungal Pathogenesis in Plants and Crops -
Molecular Biology and Host Defense Mechanisms
, Marcel Dekker, Inc.
New York

Note: In addition to the USQ library, students have access to the
Department of Primary Industries Library, and the Queensland Wheat
Research Library.


STUDENT WORKLOAD REQUIREMENTS:

	ACTIVITY				HOURS
Tutorials/Workshops                           	28
Laboratory or Practical Classes               	28
Project Work                                  	20
Report Writing                                	30
Private Study                                 	60
Examinations                                  	4

ASSESSMENT DETAILS:

No  *F/S Marks     Due        Description                              Wtg(%)    LBL WWW
1   S              MID-SEM   PRAC EXAM IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI         10.00     N   N
2   S              MID-SEM   1 HOUR CLOSED EXAM LECTURE MATERIAL       20.00     N   N
3   S              T.B.A.    3 WRITTEN REPORTS ON PRAC EXERCISE        20.00     N   N
4   S              END SEM   COLLECTION OF 10 DISEASED SPECIMENS       15.00     N   N
6   S              END S1    2 HOUR CLOSED EXAM LECTURE MATERIAL       35.00     N   N

*F=Formative, S=Summative

OTHER REQUIREMENTS:

1    Students are required to actively participate in at least  eighty
     percent  of  the practical classes in this unit. A  student  must
     obtain  a pass (i.e. 50%) in both theory and practical components
     of the unit.
2    In  accordance  with  University's  Assignment  Extension  Policy
     (Regulation  5.9), the examiner of a unit may grant an  extension
     of  the  due  date of an assignment in extenuating circumstances.
     This  policy  may  be  found in the USQ  Handbook,  the  Distance
     Education  Study  Guide and the Faculty of Sciences'  Orientation
     Handbook for new on-campus students.  All students are advised to
     study and follow the guidelines associated with this policy.
3    Closed Examination: a closed examination is an examination  where
     the  candidates  are  allowed to bring only writing  and  drawing
     instruments into the examination.

This information is accurate as at 17/11/99