Pre-requisite: 70326+70320+70425/
Pre-requisite: 70326+E2004+E2007
Central to the profession of all electrical engineering professionals is the measurement of electrical quantities, or, more generally, physical quantities whose values have been rendered electrical by a transducer. Such measurements are almost invariably made with the aid of electronics, and increasingly by sophisticated instrumentation which provides multidimensional displays and analytical capabilities. Automation of such measurements is also on the rapid increase. However, in the face of these developments the need to comprehend the physical principles of making accurate, precise and trustworthy measurements, particularly of small quantities (microvolts, microamperes), remains fundamental. It is the task of the engineering professional to be able to specify and evaluate equipment for a given measurements task; this requires an appreciation of electronic measurement systems : . at the system level by an awareness of the range, operating principles and limitations of commercial test equipment; and . at the circuit level which includes the effects and minimisation of interference, certain commonly employed circuit and IC configurations such as the Phase Lock Loop and frequency synthesis, and choice of components and construction details. It is also the responsibility of professionals to implement measurement systems with regard to their human and environmental impact. Some introduction to the issues involved is also provided.