PSY3010 ASSESSMENT OF BEHAVIOUR – S1, 2004

 

ASSIGNMENT 2

 

CASE STUDY

 

TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

 

Mr. Stephen Gould is a 28-year-old white male who was involved in a motor vehicle accident on the highway between Brisbane and Toowoomba. The driver of the other vehicle had fallen asleep at the wheel and had crossed over into the oncoming lane of traffic colliding with Mr. Gould’s motorcycle. Mr. Gould was thrown from his motorcycle into the bush along side the highway. Passersby reportedly stopped and, finding Mr. Gould unconscious, immediately called for emergency services. An ambulance arrived within 25 minutes and found his Glasgow Coma Scale to be 7/15. After stabilizing Mr. Gould, he was transported to the nearest Base Hospital.

 

The last thing Mr. Gould remembers before his accident is driving onto the bypass. This location is approximately 10 minutes away from the site of the accident. His first memory after the accident is waking up to see his concerned girlfriend sitting at his bedside in the hospital, approximately three days after the accident. He was unconscious for a period of 28 hours and was noted to have emerged from the period of post-traumatic amnesia by his third day in hospital.  A CT scan revealed no intracranial pathology and remarkably he sustained no other injuries in the accident save for lacerations, bruises, and abrasions on his legs and arms. He was discharged from the hospital five days after the accident into the loving care of his girlfriend.

 

Mr. Gould  was about to begin the final year of a Bachelor of Science in Biology at the local university. Your first assessment of him was conducted three months after his accident just prior to his return to his university studies. He reported persistent headaches, and difficulties with his concentration and memory, particularly with remembering the right word. He noted that since the injury his friends have told him that he “takes forever” to say anything and very often uses incorrect words in his sentences. He also noted that he can’t drink as much as he used to because he finds that he gets drunk on virtually just one “stubbie”. Mr. Gould was cooperative and appeared highly motivated to perform well. He particularly enjoyed the Information subtest of the WAIS-III saying “this is right up my alley, I know all this stuff” but became concerned and agitated during the Matrix Reasoning and Similarities subtests repeatedly saying “I used to be able to do this kind of thing”. He became quite distressed during the administration of the WMS-III saying “see this is what I’ve lost - my memory’s completely screwed now”.

 

Over the academic year, Mr. Gould struggled with his academic studies and received support and accommodations with regard to assignments and examinations. While formerly an A/HD student, his grades in the next two semesters dropped into the C range with some B’s in his final semester. The second assessment was conducted eleven months later following the completion of his degree at a point where he is considering pursuing graduate studies.

 

Presented below are data from two psychological test batteries – the third editions of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and Wechsler Memory Scale along with the results from the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading. In a comprehensive assessment many more than these two batteries would be administered but the data presented will be sufficient for you to address the questions in this assignment and give you a taste of how psychological test data is analysed and interpreted in order to test clinical hypotheses. To complete the assignment you will need to analyse the test data provided, including making a number of statistical comparisons in order to address the most likely hypotheses in the case. These analyses and the supporting documentation are sufficient to answer the questions posed.

 


Results of Initial Psychological Testing - TBI

 

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III)

 

Subtest                        SS       %ile               Subtest                                      SS        %ile

Vocabulary                  13       84                 Picture Completion                    13        84

Similarities                   10       50                 Digit Symbol-Coding                   7        16

Arithmetic                    11       63                 Block Design                             12        75

Digit Span                      9       37                 Matrix Reasoning                       10        50

Information                  16       98                 Picture Arrangement                  11        63

Comprehension 12       75                 Symbol Search                                       6           9

Lett.-Num. Seq.            8       25                                                                             

 

                                                                       Test – 90%CI          Retest – 90%CI  

IQs                  SS                    %ile                  Lo       Hi                    Lo        Hi        

Verbal              111                  77                    107      115                  105      117

Performance     104                  61                      98      109                    95      112

Full Scale         108                  70                    104      111                  103      113

 

                                                                       Test – 90%CI          Retest – 90%CI  

Indices             SS                    %ile                  Lo       Hi                    Lo        Hi        

VCI                 116                  86                    111      120                  108      122

POI                  109                  73                    102      114                    99      117

WMI                  95                  37                      90      101                    87      104

PSI                    81                  10                      76        91                    72        95

 

Premorbid Estimates of WAIS-III Composites Using WTAR + Demographic Data

                                               Actual         Predicted  

Composites                                SS                 SS         Diff        (p=.05)         Freq.  

Verbal                                       111                113         -2            8.1           25-49%

Performance                              104                108         -4            8.3           25-49%

Full Scale                                   108                112         -4            7.4           25-49%

Verbal Comprehension               116                111           5            8.7           75-90%

Perceptual Organisation              109                109           0            8.4           50-74%

Working Memory                        95                111       -16            9.5               5-9% 

Processing Speed                         81                104       -23          11.0                   1%

 


Results of Initial Psychological Testing (contd.)
 
Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition

 

                                                                                 Test – 90%CI            Retest – 90%CI  

Indices                         SS                    %ile                    Lo      Hi                      Lo      Hi       

Auditory Immediate      94                    34                      88      100                    85      103

Visual Immediate          88                    21                      82        99                    76      104

Immediate Memory      89                    23                      83        97                    80      100

Auditory Delayed         80                      9                      75        90                    70        95

Visual Delayed 75                      5                      71        88                    66        93

Aud. Rec. Delayed       90                    25                      83      102                    76      109

General Memory          77                      6                      72        86                    69        89

Working Memory         91                    27                      84      100                    80      105

 

 

Premorbid Estimates of WMS-III Composites Using WTAR + Demographic Data

                                               Actual         Predicted  

Composites                                SS                 SS         Diff        (p=.05)         Freq.  

Immediate Memory                      89                102       -13            9.0           10-24%

General Memory                          77                104       -27            9.0               2-4%

Working Memory                        91                108       -17          11.5               5-9%

 

Results of Psychological Testing Eleven Months Later

 

Subtest                        SS       %ile               Subtest                                      SS        %ile

Vocabulary                  13       84                 Picture Completion                    13        84

Similarities                   13       84                 Digit Symbol-Coding                   8        25

Arithmetic                    11       63                 Block Design                             12        75

Digit Span                    10       50                 Matrix Reasoning                       14        91

Information                  16       98                 Picture Arrangement                  11        63

Comprehension 12       75                 Symbol Search                                       8        25

Lett.-Num. Seq.            9       37                                                                             

 

                        WAIS-III                                                         WMS-III        

Composites      SS                    %ile                  Indices                                     SS      %ile     

Verbal              115                  84                    Auditory Immediate                    99        47

Performance     110                  75                    Visual Immediate                        97        42

Full Scale         113                  81                    Immediate Memory                    98        45

VCI                 122                  93                    Auditory Delayed                       94        34

POI                  118                  88                    Visual Delayed               88        21

WMI                  99                  47                    Aud. Rec. Delayed                   100        50

PSI                    88                  21                    General Memory                        91        27

                                                                        Working Memory                       96        39

 

 


ASSIGNMENT 2 – PSY3010 – S1 2004

 

Answer each of the following questions on a separate page. Your answers will be marked not only on whether or not your answer is correct but also on the quality and reasoning of your argument. This means that a well reasoned incorrect answer could receive more marks than an inadequately explained correct answer.

 

Question 1:  Describe Mr. Gould’s initial test results in terms of the cognitive constructs they are designed to measure., i.e. verbal abilities, visual processing abilities, attention/working memory, processing speed, immediate memory, delayed recall. (5 Marks)

 

Question 2: Describe the relationship between Mr. Gould’s initial test results and what would be expected of this gentleman based upon his age, education, gender and reading ability. (5 Marks)

 

Question 3: Discuss the value or contribution of the IQ scores (VIQ, PIQ, and FSIQ) in this assessment (5 Marks)

 

Question 4: Describe Mr. Gould’s retest results in terms of the cognitive constructs they are designed to measure., i.e. verbal abilities, visual processing abilities, attention/working memory, processing speed, immediate memory, delayed recall. (5 Marks)

 

Question 5: How do the retest results differ from the initial test results? In your answer explain what information you used to support your interpretation. (5 Marks)

 

Question 6: What feedback would you give Mr. Gould following the first testing? What feedback would you give Mr. Gould following the second evaluation? (5 Marks)